While both 4WD (four-wheel drive) and AWD (all-wheel drive) are drivetrain systems that distribute power to all four wheels of a vehicle, there are some key differences between them. See articles for full details.
Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-cTJqNWwmf0
9 minute video
from external source Motoring Masters
We break down the inner workings of every major drivetrain system—Front-Wheel Drive (FWD), Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD), All-Wheel Drive (AWD), and 4x4. Discover how power flows from the engine through the transmission to the wheels and explore key components like transaxles, driveshafts, differentials, and transfer cases. Learn how FWD uses a compact, front-mounted, transverse layout for efficiency; how RWD delivers power to the rear wheels for dynamic performance; and how AWD and 4x4 systems distribute torque between all four wheels for superior traction and control. We also dive into advanced features, including differential locks, full-time 4x4 systems with center differentials, and how AWD’s electronically controlled multi-plate clutch automatically adjusts torque to maximize grip.